Application of NAD+-Dependent Electrochemical Dehydrogenase Biosensors in Human Physiological Fluids: Opportunities and Challenges

Electrochemical enzymatic biosensors represent a promising, low-cost technology for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics that allows fast response and simple sample processing procedures. In this review, we summarize up-to-date literature on NAD+/NADH (β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)-dependent electrochemical dehydrogenase highlight their applications in human physiological fluids. A brief comparison of various enzyme immobilization procedures is first presented, discussing preparation processes principal analytical performance characteristics. the following section, briefly discuss classes based redox mediators-mediated electron transfer systems (METs). Finally, conclusion section summarizes ongoing challenges fabrication NAD+-dependent gives an outlook future research studies.